Чарли Чаплин биография на английском языке поможет подготовиться к уроку. Биография Чаплина на английском расскажет о жизни и творчестве известного киноактера.
Чарли Чаплин биография на английском
Charlie Chaplin was an English comic actor, filmmaker, and composer who rose to fame in the silent era. He is mostly famous for his screen persona «the t ramp» .
Born on April 16, 1889 in London, Chaplin is considered one of the most important figures in the history of the film industry. He had been a productive and creative film maker for about 75 years before he died in 1977.
Early life
Chaplin suffered from poverty and hardship in his childhood. He was sent to a workhouse twice before the age of nine. His mother struggled financially when his father was absent. When he was 14, his mother was sent to a mental asylum.
Career
Chaplin’s first performances were at music halls as a stage actor and comedian at the age of 19. He went to the USA where he was scouted for the film industry, and began appearing in 1914 for Keystone Studios . He soon developed the Tramp persona and formed a large fan base. Chaplin directed his own films from an early stage, and continued to hone his craft.. By 1918, he was one of the best known figures in the film industry.
Chaplin wrote, directed, produced, edited, starred in, and composed the music for most of his films. He was a perfectionist, and his financial independence enabled him to spend years on the development and production of a picture.
In 1919, Chaplin co-founded the distribution company United Artists , which gave him complete control over his films. His first feature-length was:
- The Kid (1921),
- A Woman of Paris (1923),
- The Gold Rush (1925),
- and The Circus (1928).
In the 1930s, Chaplin refused to move to sound films. He produced instead:
- City Lights (1931)
- and Modern Times (1936)
Both without dialogue.
Later his films became more political by producing , The Great Dictator (1940) where he satirized Adolf Hitler.
Controversy
The 1940s were a decade marked with controversy for Chaplin, and his popularity declined rapidly. He was accused of communist sympathies, while his involvement in a paternity suit and marriages to much younger women caused scandal. An FBI investigation was opened, and Chaplin was forced to leave the United States and settle in Switzerland.
His latest films
Charlie Chaplin abandoned the Tramp in his later films, which include Monsieur Verdoux (1947), Limelight (1952), A King in New York (1957), and A Countess from Hong Kong (1967).
Charlie Chaplin short biography
Charles Spencer Chaplin was born in 1889 in south London. His father died when he was a child, and the family didn’t have much money. Charlie first performed on the theatre stage at the age of five.
After he joined Frank Karno’s company, he went to the USA in 1914 and in his first year there he acted in 35 of Hollywood’s early films. These were “silent films”: before the invention of cinema sound — the actors couldn’t speak, but acted out their feelings in their faces and movements. Charlie Chaplin became one of the most famous actors in the world, and everyone knew and loved the role he played: a man with a black hat, big shoes, a little moustache and unusual walk.
(1889 – 1977) Sir Charles Spencer ‘Charlie’ Chaplin was a versatile actor, director and music producer whose prolific entertainment career spanned over 75 years. Influential film roles included the films, The Kid (1921) and The Great Dictator (1940)
“Life is a tragedy when seen in close-up, but a comedy in long-shot”
Short bio Charlie Chaplin
Chaplin was born in London, 16 April 1889, to parents who worked in the entertainment industry. At an early age, his alcoholic father passed away, and later his mother had a breakdown and was taken to an asylum. This left Charlie and his brother to fend for themselves. Following in their parent’s footsteps, they were drawn to the musical hall, and Charlie gained a prominent reputation as a performer.
In 1910, Charlie travelled to America and gained experience in the fledgeling film industry. It was here in America that he was to develop his first famous characters such as the Tramp – the trademark Charlie Chaplin character of a bowler hat, moustache and ill-fitting clothes. Charlie Chaplin became the great star of the silent era, and his popularity spread throughout the globe.
Charlie Chaplin had tremendous intensity. He would finance, write and direct all his films himself. He was a great perfectionist and would make his actors perform scenes up to 100 times to get it just right. Yet he also liked to improvise much of his performances and would not stick rigidly to a script.
Some of his most famous films include – City Lights
(1931) and The Great Dictator
(1940). The Great Dictator
was a satire on the totalitarian dictators of and Mussolini. Chaplin himself played two roles – a Jewish barber, who was discriminated against. He also played the role of the “Adenoid Hynkel – dictator of Tomania a clear parody of Adolf Hitler.
The film was made one year before the US entered the war against Germany, and was controversial at a time when anti-Semitism was rife in America. Despite his parody of Hitler in this film, Chaplin refused to publicly endorse the war effort in 1942 – causing the authorities to become suspicious of his political leanings.
“Wars, conflict, it’s all business. One murder makes a villain. Millions a hero. Numbers sanctify.”
Monsieur Verdoux (1947);
In the post-war period, the FBI under J Edgar Hoover kept close tabs on Chaplin because of his perceived left-wing ‘ Communist views’ Eventually, the US authorities decided to revoke his entry visa into the US and Chaplin was forced to live in Switzerland.
“Since the end of the last world war, I have been the object of lies and propaganda by powerful reactionary groups who, by their influence and by the aid of America’s yellow press, have created an unhealthy atmosphere in which liberal-minded individuals can be singled out and persecuted. Under these conditions I find it virtually impossible to continue my motion-picture work, and I have therefore given up my residence in the United States.”
Charlie Chaplin later said he was not a Communist but refused to condemn Communists because he disliked the nature of the McCarthy era.
“Friends have asked how I came to engender this American antagonism. My prodigious sin was, and still is, being a non-conformist. Although I am not a Communist I refused to fall in line by hating them.
Secondly, I was opposed to the Committee on Un-American Activities a dishonest phrase to begin with, elastic enough to wrap around the throat and strangle the voice of any American citizen whose honest opinion is a minority of one.”
– My Autobiography (1964)
Chaplin had great comic talent; this was a talent that shone through in his silent films but also in later years.
“I remain just one thing, and one thing only - and that is a clown. It places me on a far higher plane than any politician.”
Chaplin was put forward for a knighthood in 1956, but, it was blocked by the Conservative cabinet who feared a backlash from the American government.
Chaplin was eventually knighted in 1975. He also was awarded an Oscar in 1972 for his music score in the 1952 film Limelight . He was also awarded an honorary award in 1972 for “the incalculable effect he has had in making motion pictures the art form of this century.”
He came out of exile to receive the award and the longest standing ovation in the history of the Oscars.
Charlie Chaplin had a turbulent personal life. He had 11 children with three different women and had several other girlfriends and marriages.
He died in his sleep in Vevey, Switzerland on Christmas Day 1977.
Citation: Pettinger, Tejvan. “Biography of Charlie Chaplin”, Oxford, UK. , 30th Nov. 2009. Last updated 16 February 2018.
Charlie Chaplin – Autobiography
Chaplin had blue eyes Chaplin was the lefthander, and he even played the violin with the left hand Once Chaplin incognito took part in a competition of doubles of the Tramp. Under one version he took the second place in the competition, under other version the third, under the third version the fifth. Interesting facts
Chaplin himself was the author of some aphorisms – short popular expressions. Here some of them: I believe that the power of laughter and tears can become antidote with hatred and fear Life is a tragedy when you see its close up, and a comedy when you look at it from afar The saddest thing that can be in a life is a habit to luxury
The most creative man Chaplin was one of the most creative and influential people during an epoch of mute cinema. Chaplin"s creativity was greatly influenced by the French comedian Max Linder to whom he devoted one of the films.
In 2008 Martin Stiff in the review of the book Chaplin: life wrote: «Chaplin was not simply a big person, he was the giant. In 1915 he rushed into the world as if a ghost with the gift of a comedy, laughter and the help when all ran around like a mad in the First World War, and during the following 25 years both during Great depression and during Adolph Hitler"s eminence, he continued creating … Hardly ever any other person can bring more pleasure, pleasure and simplification while the majority of people needs them so».
Early years in England () Charlie Chaplin was born in London in a family of actors of Music Hall. His parents Charles Spenser Chaplin- senior and Hanna Chaplin (on a scene Poured Gerli) were variety actors.
The first steps in art At the end of 1898 Chaplin joined the children"s dancing group «Eight Lancashire Guys». On Christmas of 1900 «Lancashire Guys» he took part in a pantomime "Cinderella". Chaplin was in a suit of a cat and had an opportunity to make spectators laugh for the first time. In the spring of 1901 Chaplin left «Lancashire Guys». Charlie seldom attended school, he worked as the seller of newspapers, the assistant of a doctor, in a printing house etc..
The first success In 1903 at the age of 14 years he received a permanent job at the theater and a role in the play "Sherlock Holmes". At this time Chaplin was almost illiterate.
During several years Charlie also played in a variety show. From 16 years he regularly played the violin for 416 hours per day. On February, 21st, 1908 he received a place of an actor in the theatrical enterprise of Fred Karno and soon became one of the main actors in a number of performances.
The first years in the USA () From September, 1910 till June, 1912 Chaplin with Karnos troupe was on tours in the USA. At this time he made a decision to remain in this country. He was invited to work in Keystone Studios with the salary in 150 dollars a week. Gradually pictures with the young actor began to make profit, and Chaplin became one of film studio stars. Then Chaplin decided to make films himself.
Activity in United Artists (In 1921 Chaplin travelled to Europe and had a great success in London and Paris. In Berlin nobody knew him as Chaplin"s films weren"t shown in the post-war Germany. The glory to Chaplin was brought by mute cinema and though the sound had appeared in films in 1927, Charlie remained true to the old film techniques even the whole decade.
The beginning of persecutions in the USA In 1952 Chaplin created a film "Festoon Lightings". On September, 17th, 1952 Chaplin went to London on the world premiere of this film, and the Head of FBI Edgar Hoover banned the return entrance of the actor to the USA. Chaplin lodged in Switzerland, in a small town.
«The King in New York» In 1957 Chaplin stared in the film «The king in New York». In 1964 Chaplin published the memoirs which he laid down in a basis of a biographic feature film "Chaplin".
"Rehabilitation" In 1972 Chaplin received honorable "Oscar" for the second time. For this purpose he arrived to the USA for short time. He was given out only limited visa. On March, 4th, 1975 Chaplin was devoted in knights by queen Elizabeth II.
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Charlie Chaplin Sir Charles Spencer " Charlie " Chaplin , (16 April 1889 – 25 December 1977) was an English comic actor, film director and composer best known for his work during the silent film era.
At the time of his birth, Chaplin"s parents were both entertainers in the music hall tradition: Hannah, had a brief and unsuccessful career under the stage name Lily Harley, while Charles Sr.,worked as a popular singer.
Chaplin"s first stage appearance came at five years old, when he took over from his mother one night in Aldershot. The young boy confidently entertained the crowd, and received laughter and applause. Chaplin became a member of “The Eight Lancashire Lads clog dancing troupe. He began his professional career in this way, as the group toured English music halls from 1899 to 1902. Chaplin worked hard and the act was popular with audiences, but dancing did not satisfy the child and he dreamt of forming a comedy act.
By 1908, Chaplin had become a star of Fred Karno"s prestigious comedy company. The young comedian headed the show and impressed American reviewers, being described as "one of the best pantomime artists ever seen here."
“ Making a Living” marked his film debut,1914.
During the course of 1915, Chaplin became a cultural phenomenon. Shops were stocked with Chaplin merchandise, he was featured in cartoons and comic strips, and several songs were written about the star.
First National “ A Dog"s Life” , released April 1918, was the first film under the new contract. It was cinema"s first total work of art. The film showed the character becoming more fragile and melancholy.
“ The Kid” It was his longest picture to date. It was the first film to combine comedy and drama. It had been screened in over 50 countries.
Independence In 1919 Chaplin together with Mary Pickford , Douglas Fairbanks and David Llewelyn Wark Griffith founded a n American film studi o “ United Artists ”. All films shot on this studio were full-length. The first was “A woman of Paris”, a romantic drama about ill-fa ted lovers.
Silent films brought fame to Chaplin. In 1927 appeared sound films. The first Chaplin’s sound film was “ The Great Dictator ”, it was released in 1940. It was the last film, where the image of Charlie-tramp was used. The film received five Academy Award nominations, including Best Picture, Best Original Screenplay and Best Actor .
In 952 Chaplin created the film “Limelight”. It’s a story about the fate of a creative person and about the art in general.
He moved to Switzerland in 1953. He composed music for his silent films and wired the film “ The Gold Rush ”. H e was awarded the International Peace Prize by the Communist World Peace Council in 1954.
In his film “ A King in New York ” Chaplin himself played the leading part. In 1964 Chaplin published his memoirs, which were the basis of bibliographic feature film “ Chaplin ”. His final completed film, “ A Countess from Hong Kong ” (1967), based on a script he had written for Paulette Goddard in the 1930s . The main parts were played by Marlon Brando and Sophia Loren .
I n 1972 he receive d a lifetime achievement award from the Lincoln Center Film Society and an Academy Honorary Award for "the incalculable effect he has had in making motion pictures the art form of this century". In 1953 he received the Academy Award for Best Original Score for Limelight , the only competitive Academy Award he won during his career. In 1975 Queen Elizabeth II made him a Knight Commander of the British Empire .
Chaplin died in his sleep from the complications of a stroke in the early morning of 25 December 1977 at his home in Switzerlan d. The monument in his memory was set on the lakeside of Geneva .
Several memorials have been dedicated to Chaplin. In London, a statue of him as the Tramp was unveiled in Leicester Square . The Swiss town of Vevey, named a park in his honour .
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Charlie Chaplin , byname of Sir Charles Spencer Chaplin , (born April 16, 1889, England-died December 25, 1977, Corsier-sur-Vevey, Switzerland), British comedian, producer, writer, director, and composer who is widely regarded as the greatest comic artist of the screen and one of the most important figures in motion-picture history.
Why is Charlie Chaplin important?
Comedian, actor, producer, writer, and director Charlie Chaplin is widely regarded as the greatest comic artist of the screen and one of the most important figures in . In 1972 he received a special for “the incalculable effect he has had on making motion pictures the art form of this century.”
What is Charlie Chaplin remembered for?
Charlie Chaplin is best remembered for his recurring character “the Little Tramp.” Outfitted in a too-small coat, too-large pants, floppy shoes, and a battered derby, Tramp was shunned by polite society and unlucky in love but ever a survivor. Audiences loved his cheekiness, his deflation of pomposity, his unexpected gallantry, and his resilience.
What were Charlie Chaplin’s achievements?
Charlie Chaplin starred in, wrote, and directed some of most memorable films in motion-picture history, including (1921), (1925), (1931), (1936), (1940), for which he was nominated for an Academy Award as best actor, Monsieur Verdoux (1947), and (1952).
What was Charlie Chaplin’s childhood like?
Brown BrothersIn truth, Chaplin did not always portray a tramp; in many of his films his character was employed as a waiter, store clerk, stagehand, fireman, and the like. His character might be better described as the quintessential misfit-shunned by polite society, unlucky in love, jack-of-all-trades but master of none. He was also a survivor, forever leaving past sorrows behind, jauntily shuffling off to new adventures. The Tramp’s appeal was universal: audiences loved his cheekiness, his deflation of pomposity, his casual savagery, his unexpected gallantry, and his resilience in the face of adversity. Some historians have traced the Tramp’s origins to Chaplin’s Dickensian childhood, while others have suggested that the character had its roots in the motto of Chaplin’s mentor, Fred Karno: “Keep it wistful , gentlemen, keep it wistful.” Whatever the case, within months after his movie debut, Chaplin was the screen’s biggest star.
His 35 Keystone comedies can be regarded as the Tramp’s gestation period, during which a caricature became a character. The films improved steadily once Chaplin became his own director. In 1915 he left Sennett to accept a $1,250-weekly contract at Essanay Studios. It was there that he began to inject elements of pathos into his comedy, notably in such shorts as The Tramp (1915) and Burlesque on Carmen (1915). He moved on to an even more lucrative job ($670,000 per year) at the Mutual Company Film Corporation. There, during an 18-month period, he made the 12 two-reelers that many regard as his finest films, among them such gems as One A.M. (1916), The Rink (1916), The Vagabond (1916), and Easy Street (1917). It was then, in 1917, that Chaplin found himself attacked for the first (though hardly the last) time by the press. He was criticized for not enlisting to fight in . To aid the war effort, Chaplin raised funds for the troops via bond drives.
In 1918 Chaplin jumped studios again, accepting a $1 million offer from the First National Film Corporation for eight shorts. That same year he married 16-year-old film extra Mildred Harris-the first in a procession of child brides. For his new studio he made shorts such as Shoulder Arms (1918) and The Pilgrim (1923) and his first starring feature, (1921), which starred the irresistible as the kid befriended and aided by the Little Tramp. Some have suggested that the increased dramatic content of those films is symptomatic of Chaplin’s efforts to justify the praise lavished upon him by the critical intelligentsia. A painstaking perfectionist, he began spending more and more time on the preparation and production of each film. In his personal life too, Chaplin was particular. Having divorced Mildred in 1921, Chaplin married in 1924 16-year-old Lillita MacMurray, who shortly would become known to the world as film star Lita Grey. (They would be noisily divorced in 1927.)
From 1923 through 1929 Chaplin made only three features: A Woman of Paris (1923), which he directed but did not star in (and his only drama); (1925), widely regarded as his masterpiece; and (1928), an underrated film that may rank as his funniest. All three were released by , the company cofounded in 1919 by Chaplin, husband-and-wife superstars and , and director . Of the three films, is one of the most-memorable films of the silent era. Chaplin placed the Little Tramp in the epic setting of the Yukon, amid bears, snowstorms, and a fearsome prospector (Mack Swain); his love interest was a beautiful dance-hall queen (Georgia Hale). The scene in which the Tramp must eat his shoe to stay alive epitomizes the film’s blend of rich comedy and well-earned pathos.
